Why Do I Have Different Colored Eyes?

Do you look in the mirror every morning to see two different colored eyes staring back to you? Do you know someone who does? This exquisite trait, which affects only .67% of America’s population, is called heterochromia iridum and is one of the most complex, unique, intriguing elements of human anatomy.

Let’s take a closer look at this extraordinary effect on the eyes.

What Is Heterochromia Iridum?

Derived from the Greek words heteros meaning ‘different’ and chroma meaning ‘color’, heterochromia iridum is the difference in iris coloration. Similar to the way baby’s eyes change with the influx of melanin (or pigment), heterochromia iridum is a result of too much or not enough melanin in the iris.

Heterochromia iridum can present in two separate ways: complete heterochromia and sectoral heterochromia. The latter of the two typically exhibits one (or both) iris with two different colors. For example, perhaps the left half of the iris is blue while the right half is brown. Complete heterochromia is the entire color difference between irises; maybe the left eye is green while the right eye is grey.

Eye color is determined by the unique distribution and concentration of melanin in the iris. The more melanin an eye contains, the darker the color will be. Eyes affected by heterochromia are either hyperchromic (the iris lacks pigment) or hypochromic (the iris has an abundance of pigment).

Why Do People Have Heterochromia Iridum?

The three most common causes of heterochormomia iridum are from a disease, an injury, or because of hereditary traits passed down by your parents.

Hereditary cases are typically the result of a genetic condition where the eye’s cells are polychromatic. Eyes with sectoral heterochromia usually come from illnesses like Waardenburg syndrome or Hirschsprung’s disease. The biggest injury that leads to eye color differentiation is bleeding, normally from a hemorrhage or a foreign object in the eye.

Does Heterochromia Only Affect Humans?

Whereas humans are rarely affected by heterochromia iridum, other species – mainly animals – are frequently seen with this unique feature. Oddly enough, animals with two different colored eyes typically always contain one blue, or lightly pigmented, eye.

Cats like the Japanese Bobtail and Turkish Van lack melanin from the skin or hair, which inevitably results in at least one blue eye as a result of low pigmentation. Dogs breeds like the Siberian Husky, Australian Shepard and Catahoula Leopard Dog also experience this lack of melanin and are commonly seen with different colored eyes.

Horses like pintos and palominos are also known for frequent cases of heterochromia iridum. Other creatures like ferrets, owls, cattle and water buffalo are also known for displaying different colored eyes.

Historic Humans With Heterochromia Iridum

Below are four famous faces that have two different eyes:

• Alexander the Great was rumored to have one brown and one hazel eye.

• James Buchanan, America’s 15th President had one brown eye and one green eye.

• Comedienne Gracie Allen was known for her blue and green eyes.

• Actor Christopher Walken has one hazel and one green eye.

Are You Concerned About Your Eyes?

Though no symptoms are typically associated with genetically passed heterochromia, visiting an optometrist is advisable if your eyes have changed colors due to an illness or injury.

With vision insurance, you can receive regular eye check-ups to access your vision and detect general and abnormal health issues that could develop into larger problems if untreated.

With a vision insurance plan from VSP Direct you can save over $200 a year on your vision costs. We make it easy to find a dependable doctor, receive excellent service and reap phenomenal benefits. Better yet, VSP Direct is the only not-for-profit vision insurance company in the nation and is committed to ensuring complete customer satisfaction.

If you or a loved one has been or may potentially be affected by heterochromia iridum as a result of an illness or injury, consider looking into the benefits of vision insurance. VSP Direct offers a reliable vision insurance plan that can provide comfort and coverage for all eye-related needs.

Continue Reading

Your vision.
Your way.

Not covered for vision?

Get an individual plan, customized for you – including where you want to use it: at the doctor, in a retail location, or even online.

Healthy vision association discounts

Some plans can only be accessed through membership in the Healthy Vision Association (HVA), which helps its members see well and stay healthy.

For $1.50/mo, your membership will give you access to exclusive discount programs* on everyday goods and services including:

Plus, your membership supports vision-related charities too.

Click to download full details

*All rebates and special offers are subject to change